Volcanic activity beneath Iwo Jima, site of a defining World War II battle, is pushing sunken naval vessels to the surface. A new hotline and a more comprehensive, comparative claims processing system are among the efforts to assist Gulf War and Off Duty. But what exactly is the Merchant Marine? All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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More Military Headlines. Merchant marine as it is known synonymously; however has to adhere to certain rules and regulations framed by governing bodies to ensure stability in the activities carried out. To sum it all Merchant navy is a purely commercial form of sea career and is governed by both private and governmental shipping companies. Naval ships are those which are used at times of international crises to protect the water boundaries of a nation from getting infiltrated or attacked unduly.
Every nation with a waterline has its own navy service with its own code of rules and stipulations. Thus, a career in the defence navy would involve services for the respective country through duty on warships.
Both merchant navy and defence have deals with ships. While the first one is purely commercial, the second one involves careers of high respect and skills. Both merchant navy and navy have their own set of eligibility criteria for entering the maritime services.
Individuals interested in enrolling for a career in merchant marines need to have a basic high school certification with subjects like physics, chemistry and math. Alternatively, individuals interested in applying for higher hierarchical positions need to have a graduate certification in science.
This factor forms the most important difference between the merchant navy and navy in terms of eligibility criteria.
Most of the navies of the world have their own entrance and screen exams for choosing the right candidates. However, both merchant and defence navy have the same requirements as far as the fitness and medical condition of the person is concerned.
This is one of the most talked-about topics among candidates planning a career at sea. The pay-scales are set as per the hierarchy of the jobs in merchant marines and each individual is entitled to receive the same. The merchant marine is already famous for high salary packages and a glamorous life on ships. By contrast in the navy, the pay scale depends on the position of an individual and his total work experience.
It is to note that though the salary of merchant navy officers is always a talk of the town, a career in the defence navy is something that comes with the highest level of respect and pride. Both merchant marine and navy have their individual hierarchical system. Jobs in the merchant navy can be in the technical department or pertaining to the deck zone or in the servicing area.
Individuals with the right aptitude and skill-set can join in any one of the three specialised criteria. Moreover, sometimes the ranks of professionals also depend on the company and type of the ship.
But the basic structure remains the same. Sea jobs in the navy, on the other hand, start at the lieutenant level — which is the lowest rung in terms of ranking. The rankings assigned to navy servicemen differ in each country, thus making them singular in their own right. Just like in the Merchant navy, each rank in Defence Navy comes with great responsibility and honour.
Jobs in the navy and the merchant marine require a huge level of commitment and dedication on the part of individuals as both have extended periods of service. Hundreds of other ships were damaged by torpedoes, shelling, bombs, kamikazes, mines, etc. Foreign flag ships, especially those with Naval Armed Guard on board as well as ships belonging to U.
Our present total is 1, ships sunk, damaged, captured or detained. Were any U. Navy instructions to American ship masters were to destroy his ship and its records:. The ship shall be defended by her armament, by maneuver, and by every available means as long as possible. When, in the judgment of the Master, capture is inevitable, provision should be made to open sea valves and to flood holds and compartments adjacent to machinery spaces, start numerous fires and employ any additional measures available to insure certain scuttling of the vessel.
She was eventually released. Were Merchant Mariners "draft dodgers"? Merchant mariners were subject to the draft if they took more than 30 days shore leave. Experienced mariners who had been drafted were released by the Army to serve in the Merchant Marine. Harold Harper "dodged" the draft by being torpedoed 6 times. Nick Hoogendam , who was too young for the Army or Navy, spent 83 days on a liferaft drinking rainwater and eating "sushi.
Michael Horodysky was classified 4F in the draft due to a bad heart and sailed the dangerous Murmansk run and took part in the North African invasion. Harold "Bud" Schmidt joined the Merchant Marine as one-eyed year-old kid. Were Merchant Mariners subject to court martial? Six crewmen of a Liberty ship did hard labor for refusing to work in a dispute with shoreside stevedores over loading tanks for the invasion of Sicily. During the War, gossip columnist Walter Winchell and others spread untrue stories about mariners refusing to unload at Guadalcanal, supposedly leaving the job to sick marines.
Winchell and the newspapers that carried these stories lost the libel suits filed against them, and were forced by the court to apologize, print retractions, and to pay damages.
Unfortunately, the myth that mariners refused to unload ships in Guadalcanal persists. Was the Merchant Marine's job and dangers over with the Japanese surrender?
Men are still needed to man merchant ships in excess of those presently available and will be needed for some months to come. The job of the wartime Merchant Marine has not been completed. Millions of our armed forces must be brought home and supplies must be carried to the occupation forces throughout the world. Supplies must also be carried for the rehabilitation of devastated areas.
Which came first, the U. Navy, U. Coast Guard, or U. Merchant Marine in war service? The Merchant Marine was first. On June 12, , a party of Maine mariners, armed with pitchforks and axes, inspired by the news of the recent victory at Lexington, Massachusetts, used an unarmed lumber schooner to surprise and capture a fully armed British warship, HMS Margaretta , off the coast of Machias, Maine. The men used the captured guns and ammunition from the ship to bring in additional British ships as prizes.
American privateers soon disrupted British shipping all along the Atlantic coast. The Revenue Cutter Service was founded on Aug. The name Coast Guard was not used until the 20th Century, when the components were combined. However, the other two components were around long before , especially the Lighthouse Service. The Continental Navy was founded in , but ended operation at the end of the Revolutionary War.
The last warship was sold in and the Navy disbanded. How do I apply to the U. Merchant Marine Academy? How can I find information about a relative who served in the Merchant Marine, U.
Maritime Service, U. Army Transport Service, U. Military Sea Transportation Service, U. Military Sealift Command? Service Records. Ship Records. Does the U. Maritime Service have veteran status? Applications by the U. The U. Maritime Service was an official, uniformed, armed service created by the Merchant Marine Act of Basic, advanced and Officer Candidate Schools were run by the U. Coast Guard initially, and later by the U. Government operated 37 recruiting stations around the country.
Many Navy and Coast Guard recruiters sent young men to the U. Maritime Service where the need was greater.
All received gunnery training and many received commendations for bravery under fire. Maritime Service training included time at sea with danger from mines and enemy submarines. Section of Public Law , The GI Bill Improvement Act of , authorized the Secretary of Defense to determine whether the service of members of civilian or contractual groups should be considered active duty for the purposes of all laws administered by VA. Several applications for veteran status for merchant marine service were denied by the Civilian Military Service Review Board set up by the Department of Defense to make such determinations.
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