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There is no moisture on the outside, because wool absorbs the moisture inside the fiber. This is what keeps the apparel from smelling. The protein Keratin contained in the wool fiber does not support combustion.
While applying a flame to the fiber will initially cause some smoldering, wool will not ignite. Additionally, wool will not melt when burned as compared to some synthetic materials. Synthetic materials tend to be lighter, cheaper, and faster drying than wool.
However, Merino Wool feels warmer, prevents odor, and feels less clammy against the skin when wet. When synthetic layers wick sweat away from the skin, it transports moisture between hydrophilic fibers to the outside of the garment to evaporate.
Thus, it requires sweat to condense before it is moved through the fabric. This is an extra step that makes synthetic process slower than wools natural moisture management. Wool is natural, biodegradable, and renewable. If you are looking on the greener side, wool can be produced using less petroleum and fewer toxic chemicals than synthetics. Most modern wool apparel is machine washable. However, you should always check the label on the apparel for care instructions. I like to wash my wool apparel on delicate cycle using a mild detergent e.
You should wash the apparel inside out to avoid any color fading and abrasion. You should never use bleach and keep the wool apparel separated from any velcro-type or any other apparel containing barbs. Major wool brand manufacturers such as Icebreaker, Smartwool, and Ibex have their products Zque certified.
The Zque program ensures environmental, social and economic sustainability, animal welfare and traceability back to the source. Wool fibers will actually be weaker and of lower quality if the animal is exposed to high levels of stress. American Sheep Industry Association website Download a fact sheet on characteristics of wool. Uses of wool This page describes a range of uses for wool. Characteristics of wool Download a fact sheet on the characteristics of wool, from the American Sheep Industry Association website.
The chemical and physical structure of Merino wool A downloadable document with a detailed and technical account of the physical and chemical properties of Merino wool, from the CSIRO website. Add to collection. The cortical cells also have a complex interior structure. The smallest component within these cells is a spring-like structure, which gives wool its flexibility, elasticity, resilience and wrinkle recovery properties.
This spring-like structure is surrounded by a matrix, which contains high sulfur proteins that readily attract and absorb water molecules. It also absorbs and retains dyestuffs very well, helps remove sweat and absorbs odours.
Go to full glossary Add 0 items to collection. Outer layers also should handle abrasion, resist flame, odors, stains, dirt and electric-arc, and be absolutely silent.
The ideal outer layer will also feel luxurious, provide concealment in nature and be admired in social settings. WeatherWool can handle a huge variety of weather conditions, but we do recommend a storm shield for extreme wind and rain conditions. Care and Cleaning. Close search. The Science of Wool. Wool hates liquid water, but loves water vapor. The outermost layer epicuticle of a woolen fiber is made of overlapping scales that shed liquid water very much like the shingles of a roof.
However, Nature's design is that the extremely small spaces between the scales welcome water vapor to slowly enter into the fiber. Wool adsorbs water. Once inside the fiber, there is a temporary chemical bond hydrogen bond attaching water molecules to the surfaces of inner structures of the fiber.
All adsorbtion is exothermic, meaning that it releases heat. Breaking the hydrogen bond and freeing the water molecule, desorption , requires heat.
That is how wool can be cooling as well as heating! Both adsorption and desorption tend to happen very slowly. The wool fibre and its applications , by Dr Geoff Naylor. We are very grateful for this material. Here are a couple of big items from this paper:. Once inside a wool fiber, water vapor will condense, releasing about calories per gram.
We do use superwashed fiber in our knits the Watch Cap , Neck Gaiter , and cuffs and waistband-ribs of our Hoodie Regarding how wool handles water in its various forms, I haven't done lab tests, and I don't claim to understand the research I've read. And again sorry the outside of a wool fiber sheds water But if you submerge some WeatherWool in water for a few minutes, almost none of the water will be taken inside the fibers -- it won't soak -- and the wool will be very quickly dry.
Wool is also a hygroscopic material. That is, when wool is completely dry it will adsorb water from the air until it comes to an equilibrium with the surrounding air. Inside the wool fiber, water vapor binds to the cortex, producing the heat of adsorption. Again, all adsorption is exothermic The body burns a lot of heat to turn liquid water into vapor When perspiration vapor is adsorbed within a wool fiber, and then condenses, it slowly releases the heat of condensation Water molecules are polar, having both a positive and negative side.
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